labarai

Tattalin arzikin Burtaniya yana fuskantar mummunan tasiri sakamakon hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da sakamakon Brexit. A ‘yan watannin nan, farashin ya yi tashin gwauron zabi, wanda hakan ya sa mutane da dama su kauracewa kashe kudade wajen sayen kayayyaki, lamarin da ya janyo yawaitar satar manyan kantuna. Wasu manyan kantunan ma sun koma kulle man shanu don hana sata.

Wani ma'aikacin gidan yanar gizon Burtaniya kwanan nan ya gano man shanu da aka kulle a cikin wani babban kanti na Landan, wanda ya haifar da muhawara ta yanar gizo. Dangane da sabbin bayanan da masana'antar abinci ta Burtaniya ta fitar a ranar 28 ga Maris, hauhawar farashin abinci a kasar a cikin Maris ya karu zuwa wani rikodin rikodin 17.5%, tare da kwai, madara, da cuku a cikin mafi girma cikin farashi. Matsayin hauhawar farashin kayayyaki yana haifar da ƙarin zafi ga masu amfani da ke fama da tsadar rayuwa.

Bayan Brexit, Burtaniya na fuskantar karancin ma'aikata, inda ma'aikatan EU 460,000 ke barin kasar. A cikin Janairu 2020, Burtaniya a hukumance ta bar EU, tana gabatar da sabon tsarin shige da fice na maki don rage shige da fice na EU kamar yadda magoya bayan Brexit suka yi alkawari. Duk da haka, yayin da sabon tsarin ya yi nasarar rage bakin haure na EU, ya kuma jefa 'yan kasuwa cikin rikicin ma'aikata, wanda ya kara rashin tabbas ga tattalin arzikin Burtaniya da ya riga ya durkushe.

A matsayin wani bangare na babban alkawari na kamfen na Brexit, Burtaniya ta sake fasalin tsarin shige da fice don takaita kwararar ma'aikatan EU. Sabon tsarin tushen maki, wanda aka aiwatar a cikin Janairu 2021, yana kula da EU da ƴan ƙasa da ba EU daidai ba. Ana ba masu neman maki maki bisa gwaninta, cancantar su, matakin albashi, iya harshe, da damar aiki, tare da waɗanda ke da isassun maki kawai aka ba su izinin yin aiki a Burtaniya.

ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun mutane kamar masana kimiyya, injiniyoyi, da masana sun zama babban manufa don shige da fice na Burtaniya. Duk da haka, tun lokacin da aka aiwatar da sabon tsarin maki, Birtaniya ta fuskanci matsanancin ƙarancin aiki. Wani rahoto da majalisar dokokin Burtaniya ta fitar ya nuna cewa kashi 13.3% na kasuwancin da aka bincika a watan Nuwamba 2022 suna fuskantar karancin ma'aikata, tare da wuraren kwana da ayyukan abinci da karancin abinci a kashi 35.5%, da gine-gine a kashi 20.7%.

Wani bincike da Cibiyar Gyaran Turai ta fitar a watan Janairu ya nuna cewa tun lokacin da sabon tsarin shige da fice na maki ya fara aiki a cikin 2021, adadin ma'aikatan EU a Burtaniya ya ragu da 460,000 a watan Yuni 2022. Ko da yake ma'aikatan 130,000 wadanda ba EU ba sun cika gibin, kasuwar kwadago ta Burtaniya har yanzu tana fuskantar matsanancin karancin ma'aikata a sassan 3.000.

A bara, sama da kamfanonin Burtaniya 22,000 sun yi fatara, karuwar kashi 57% idan aka kwatanta da na shekarar da ta gabata. Jaridar Financial Times ta ruwaito cewa hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da karuwar kudin ruwa na daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da karuwar fatara. Bangarorin gine-gine, tallace-tallace, da kuma baƙi sun fi fama da koma baya ta fuskar tattalin arziki da raguwar amincewar masu amfani.

A cewar asusun ba da lamuni na duniya IMF, Birtaniya na shirin zama daya daga cikin manyan kasashe masu karfin tattalin arziki a shekarar 2023. Alkaluman farko na ofishin kididdiga na Burtaniya sun nuna cewa GDPn kasar ya tsaya cik a Q4 2022, tare da samun karuwar kashi 4% a kowace shekara. Masanin tattalin arziki Samuel Tombs na Pantheon Macroeconomics ya ce, a cikin kasashen G7, Birtaniya ce kadai tattalin arzikin da bai farfado da shi ba tun kafin barkewar annobar, inda ta fada cikin koma bayan tattalin arziki.

Manazarta Deloitte sun yi imanin cewa tattalin arzikin Burtaniya ya dade yana tsayawa, inda ake sa ran GDP zai ragu a shekarar 2023. Rahoton sabon rahoton tattalin arzikin duniya na IMF, wanda aka fitar a ranar 11 ga watan Afrilu, ya yi hasashen cewa tattalin arzikin Burtaniya zai yi kasa da kashi 0.3% a shekarar 2023, wanda hakan zai sa ta kasance cikin kasashe masu fama da talauci a duniya. Rahoton ya kuma nuna cewa Birtaniya za ta kasance mafi munin tattalin arziki a tsakanin G7 da kuma daya daga cikin mafi muni a G20.

Rahoton ya yi hasashen cewa tattalin arzikin duniya zai bunkasa da kashi 2.8% a shekarar 2023, wanda ya samu raguwar kashi 0.1 bisa hasashen da aka yi a baya. Ana sa ran kasuwanni masu tasowa da kasashe masu tasowa za su yi girma da kashi 3.9% a wannan shekara da kashi 4.2% a shekarar 2024, yayin da tattalin arzikin da ya ci gaba zai samu ci gaban da kashi 1.3% a shekarar 2023 da kuma kashi 1.4% a shekarar 2024.

Gwagwarmayar da tattalin arzikin Burtaniya ya fuskanta bayan Brexit da kuma cikin hauhawar hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya nuna kalubalen da ke tattare da fita shi kadai a wajen Tarayyar Turai. Yayin da kasar ke fama da karancin ma’aikata, da karuwar fatarar kudi, da tafiyar hawainiyar ci gaban tattalin arziki, ana kara fitowa fili karara cewa hangen Birtaniya bayan Brexit na fuskantar cikas sosai. Yayin da IMF ta yi hasashen cewa Birtaniya za ta zama daya daga cikin manyan kasashe masu karfin tattalin arziki nan gaba kadan, dole ne kasar ta magance wadannan matsalolin da ake fuskanta domin dawo da martabarta da kuma farfado da tattalin arzikinta.